Derrida, Limited Inc. p. 142.
The terms Maori and Pakeha will be used to describe that which is provisionally interpreted as Maori or Pakeha. The term figure is used for its connotations as a form, shape, person or perceptual concept.
Mark Wigley, The Architecture of Deconstruction: Derrida's Haunt (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1993), p. 150.
Notably by Francis Pound The Space Between (Auckland: Workshop Press, 1994).
The proper becomes complicated by the improper, the other. Entangling notions of rightful use with those of proper(ty) crime, 'appropriation' becomes problematised by the ambivalence of an unresolvable contradiction. That is, it recognises other, even contradictory claims to property and propriety. From here it follows that 'appropriation' does not deny recognition of the other, but is in fact acknowledgment of the other. It becomes other-wise.
In a debate where it is argued that so much has been taken and so little returned, this work proposes the possibility of a differential give and take. As that 'taken' or 'returned' never remains the same any affiliation or acknowledgement may be contested and therefore not be mutually accepted as acknowledgement, compensation or homage.
If appropriation is to freely take as own or to steal, (mis)appropriation is the possibility of a 'different' propriety, neither stealing nor freely taking as own. No longer seen as an overpowering territorial exclusiveness there is the possibility of some sort of differential 'exchange.' I would like to thank Mike Austin for drawing my attention to this and for his support and obvious assistance with many aspects of this paper.
B. Johnson, "Translators introduction," J. Derrida, Dissemination trans. B. Johnson (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), p. xiii.
Meaghan Morris, "On the Beach," Cultural Studies ed. Grossberg, et al, (London: Routledge, 1992), p. 462.
J. Kipnis, "Twisting the Separatrix," Assemblage (1991), n. 14, p. 32. Kipnis describes architecture as "the scene of the proper, a scene of stability." In Derrida's writing the proper is also seen to be bound to that of the house. "Derrida draws on the Greek association between the household (oikas) and the proper (oikeios)." Mark Wigley, The Architecture of Deconstruction p. 101-102.
A relationship between the house, law, economy, and family is an important theme throughout Derrida's work. Derrida writes "Economy: the law of the family, of the family home, of possession. The economic act makes familiar, proper, one's own, intimate, private. The sense of property, of propriety, in general is collected in the oikeios." J. Derrida, "Glas," P. Kamuf, A Derrida Reader - between the blinds (New York: Columbia University Press, 1991), p. 345.
M. Wigley, The Architecture of Deconstruction p. 102.
Chris Maclean, "Legacy of War: Race Relations and Memorials," NZ Historic Places (September 1990), n. 30, p. 34.
Pound, The Space Between p. 149.
Pound, The Space Between p. 155.
In particular architects Vernon Brown, The Group and Miles Warren.
Pound, The Space Between p. 122.
There are of course difficulties in talking of 'Maori architecture' for this is also an unusual and 'improper' conjunction as 'architecture' is founded and located within a Western discourse and metaphysics.
Robyn Boyd, Kenzo Tange (New York: George Braziller Inc., 1962), p. 12, 15.
The open plan as an element of both Modern and Maori architecture potentially indicates more than one governing formal idea.
One of the earliest uses of concrete block as an architectural element in New Zealand was in Miles Warren's Dorset St flats (1956-57) which responded to the New Brutalism Warren had recently seen in England.
Mike Austin, personal communication.
N. Thomas, Entangled Objects (London: Harvard University Press, 1991), p. 108.
Te Ao Hou (The New World): the Maori Magazine (June 1964), n. 47, p. 32-33.
The Maori People in the Nineteen - Sixties ed. Erik Schwimmer, (Auckland: Blackwood and Janet Paul Ltd, 1968), p. 205-206.
R. Walden, Voices of Silence: New Zealand's Chapel of Futuna (Wellington: Victoria University Press, 1987), p. 53.
Derrida, Limited Inc. p. 75.
Pound, The Space Between p. 147.
Maclean, "Legacy of War: Race Relations and Memorials," p. 34.